Classical Indian Philosophy And Shaddarsana:
Six Philosophical Systems

Ali KÜÇÜKLER*

Abstract

Shaddarsana (Six Philosophical Systems), whose origin goes back to the 6. Century BC, is a philosophical system which accepts the Vedic period works, which are the sacred texts of Hinduism, as the basic source of knowledge. Six different systems which are called, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa, Vedanta, Nyaya and Vaiseshika are considered all together. Although these systems embrace certain differences in time, point of view and content, they come together on the grounds of Vedic texts and advocate common values. They are, for this reason texts which present religion and philosophy together within them. These systems, which focus on topics unrelated to each other, disclose to people a way of living and a road to truth. A Hindu should question life and reality, and search for knowledge. Philosophy is the key to open the way to truth. The biggest truth is God. At the basis of Saddarsana often lie suggestions that emphasize the relationship between body and spirit and also those that will take the individual to the nirvana in the Upanishads, the sacred books of the Vedic period. In antique India at the basis of culture, including science and philosophy, lies religion. For this reason, understanding Hinduism and Hindu culture requires an understanding of the Saddarsana.

Keywords: India; Philosophy; Culture; Shaddarsana.

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